Seattle, WA -- (SBWIRE) -- 11/07/2019 -- Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a cancer of bone marrow and blood that is caused due to uncontrolled generation of lymphoblast, which are immature white blood cells (WBCs). Renal failure, pneumonia, respiratory distress, and bone pain are some of the common symptoms of ALL. The progression rate is high in ALL and the condition may lead to death within few months, if left untreated. Lymphoblast malfunction and accumulate around healthy cells. In ALL, the bone marrow loses the ability to form sufficient numbers of red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells, and platelets, which may often lead to recurrent infections, anemia, bleeding and bruising. The tumor can spread to other parts of the body including lymph nodes, liver, spleen, and the central nervous system. ALL is highly prevalent in children and requires timely treatment and diagnosis for better outcome.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), ALL is classified based on three different sub-types according to the lymphocyte or white blood cell that has transformed into cancerous cell. The precursor B cell ALL is most common in adults. The mature B cell ALL is characterized by particular genetic changes and precursor T cell ALL is common in young adults and men.
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Increasing prevalence of ALL and growing link of the condition with genetic disorders such as Down's syndrome is a major factor boosting growth of the acute lymphoblastic leukemia therapeutics market growth. For instance, according to the Healthline Media UK Ltd., 2017, ALL accounts for 80% of childhood leukemia and is the most common type of cancer and leukemia in children under five years of age than in adults, mostly affecting children aged 2 to 3 years. Moreover, according to the survey by MedicineNet, a medical information portral, about two-thirds of acute leukemia diagnosed in children are associated with Down's syndrome, thus increasing the likelihood of children affected with genetic disorders to develop ALL. High exposure to toxins- benzene and radiations such as X-rays before birth is also expected to contribute to growth of the market.
Key players in the market are focused on approval and launch of new products to expand their product portfolio, which is expected to propel growth of the market. For instance, in August 2017, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy, Kymriah (tisagenlecleucel) manufactured by Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation. The therapy is indicated for patients up to 25 years of age with relapsed or refractory B-cell precursor ALL.
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Increasing focus of public and private organizations on R&D of novel therapeutics for the treatment of ALL is expected to boost growth of the market. For instance, the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society (LLS) has funded over US $ 1.2 Billion in cutting-edge research to develop cure for blood cancer. LLS is also focused on improving the lives of patients by providing free information and support services.
Some of the factors that hinder growth of the market include high treatment cost and adverse effects of the CAR-T cell therapies. For instance, according to the survey by American Journal of Managed Care (AJMC), February 2018, the initial treatment cost of for the approved CAR-T cell therapies developed by Novartis AG is around US$ 475,000 per patient.
Moreover, the St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, U.S. is focusing on improving outcomes for children with leukemia by undertaking clinical trials to develop novel therapeutics for the condition. For instance, in 2012, the St. Jude Children's Research Hospital initiated trials for ALLR18 for pediatric relapsed or refractory precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Moreover, in 2015, Juno Therapeutics, Inc. developed JCAR015 (CD19-targeted CAR T cells), which is currently in the Phase 2 clinical trial, indicated for treating adults with relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL).
Key players in the market are focused on adopting collaboration strategies to expand their product portfolio. For instance, in 2014, Pfizer, Inc. and Collectis collaborated to develop novel CAR-T immunotherapies. The companies initiated Phase 1 clinical trial for UCART19 in 2016, indicated for pediatric patients with relapsed or refractory B-ALL.
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Major players operating in the global acute lymphoblastic leukemia therapeutics market include, Talon Therapeutic, Inc., Sigma-Tau Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Novartis Pharmaceuticals, GlaxoSmithKline Plc., ERYTECH Pharma, Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Pfizer Inc., Genzyme Corporation, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Biogen Idec, Inc., Bristol-Myers Squibb, and Celgene Corporation.
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